Some Math Concepts You Should Know. Arithmetic- simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division; percent; data interpretation (including mean, median, and mode); odd and even numbers; prime numbers; divisibility Algebra- negative numbers; substitution; simplifying algebraic expressions; simple factoring; linear equations; inequalities; simple quadratic equations; positive integer exponents; roots of numbers; sequences Geometry- area and perimeter of a polygon; area and circumference of a circle; volume of a box, cube, and isosceles, equilateral, and right triangles; 30 - 60 - 90 and 45 - 45 - 90 degree triangles; properties of parallel and perpendicular lines; simple coordinate geometry; slope; similarity; geometric visualization Other- logical reasoning; newly-defined symbols and operations that are based on commonly-used symbols and operations; probability and counting Return to the front page.